The Carabinieri (pl. Carabinieri Corps) is currently an Italian police gendarmerie, having its roots in the army of the Kingdom of Sardinia. The unit was established in 1814 by King Victor Emmanuel I, and its main task was to uphold the rule of law in the Kingdom of Sardinia, but at that time it was de facto organisationally subordinate to the army of that country, acting as military gendarmerie. Carabinieri units served during the Piedmontese-Austrian War (1848-1849), during the struggles for the unification of Italy (1859-1861) and in both world wars. Often, members of the Carabinieri Corps showed personal courage. From 1946 to the present day, the soldiers of the Corps act as the honorary escort of the President of the Italian Republic. Currently, the Carabinieri Corps reports to the Italian Minister of the Interior, and its headquarters are in Rome. It has a population of about 110,000 people.
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