POLISH "LISOVCHIKI" (1-ST HALF OF THE 17TH CENTURY)

Lisowczyki is a Polish cavalry military formation, the roots of which date back to the beginning of the 17th century. The seeds of the formation can be seen as early as around 1608, but the unit was formally established in 1614, and its commander was Aleksander Józef Lisowski, from whom the formation took its name. Composed of Poles, Lithuanians and Ruthenians, it was a mercenary army. She played the role of light cavalry responsible for reconnaissance, gathering information about the enemy, but also for looting and plundering his territory. Interestingly, the war booty was their only reward - they did not collect any pay from the treasury of the Republic of Poland. During the war campaign, the foxes moved very quickly, the so-called by communication, i.e. without carts, and all food or supplies were transported on pack horses. Thanks to this, they were able to cover up to 100-150 kilometers in one day! The unit was famous for its bravery, high combat qualities, but also cruelty and merciless looting of enemy territory. This unit was mainly distinguished during the expedition to Moscow in 1610 and during the battles with Turkey in the years 1620-1621.