Nebelwerfer (German: fog thrower) are German multi-lead missile launchers with a caliber of 150-320 mm, from the period of World War II. The main purpose of this weapon was a massive attack on enemy surface targets, e.g. infantry groups. It played a similar role as the Soviet BM-13 Katyusha. The first, produced on a large scale, was the 15-cm Nebelwerfer 41 launcher (15-cm Nb. W. 41), developed in 1937-1939. Its maximum range was 6700m. in 1940, an improved version was created, based on the Schweres Wurfgerat 40 frame, firing 280mm and 320mm rounds. It was characterized by incredible ease of use and the use of wood in the frame of the weapon. A year later, the Nebelwerfer 41 was built, which was placed on a two-wheeled, towed bed, which significantly improved mobility and combat efficiency. It fired 280mm and 320mm rounds. From 1943, a 30 cm Nebelwerfer 42 with 300 mm rounds was produced. In the same year, the 15-cm Panzerwerfer 42 was also built. It consisted of 10 guides mounted on a Maultier half-track vehicle.
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