35088 WWI IMPERIAL GERMAN OFFICER

The officer corps of the Imperial German army on the eve of the outbreak of World War I was perceived in Europe as one of the best trained and characterized by a very high degree of professionalism. The great successes of the Prussian army in 1866 and in the years 1870-1871 were still remembered. It is worth adding that the memory of these victories had a negative impact on the thinking of the German officer corps, which was often overly conservative. Theoretically, the German army was headed by Emperor Wilhelm II Hohenzollern, but in fact the entire armed forces were commanded by the Grand General Staff (Ger. Großer Generalstab), whose head in August 1914 was Helmut von Moltke the younger. The role that the chiefs of the general staff played at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries in German plitical life was significant and far exceeded their Russian or French counterparts. It is worth adding that at the beginning of the Great War, the German officer corps was imbued with offensive doctrine and strove to resolve the war in its favor as soon as possible. The plan that was implemented at the beginning of the war was the modified Schlieffen's plan, which required the concentration of forces on the Western Front and defeating the French army as soon as possible, and then (after about 40-50 days of operation) transferring them to the east, against Russia. However, the plan was completely unsuccessful, and the German officers had to adapt to the conditions of the position war on the Western Front.